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Utilising the WorldView-3 satellite, European Space Imaging are able to offer our customers access to information in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) part of the electromagnetic spectrum. WorldView-3 expands deeper into the infrared spectrum than any other commercial imaging satellite, and provides the highest resolution data for precisely identifying and characterizing many objects otherwise not visible to the human eye or via the regular eight multispectral bands. What is SWIR? Utilizing the WorldView-3 satellite, European Space Imaging is capable of delivering very high resolution imagery options incorporating 16 spectral bands to allow for automated information extraction for various applications. WorldView-3 integrates a market first revolutionary sensor with eight additional SWIR spectral bands. This allows for the expansion of the current uses of remotely sensed data to create more innovative ways to better understand and manage our changing planet. DETECT HEAT IDENTIFY MATERIALS Identify hotspots f rom wildfires, volcanic activity or man-made heat sources Locate and classify man-made materials and geologic minerals on Earth’s Surface VALUABLE WAVELENGTHS SEE THROUGH SMOKE 165 unique SWIR band combinations targeted at identifying material signatures Get a clear view of the ground with SWIR wavelengths that penetrate smoke and haze www.euspaceimaging.com | sales@euspaceimaging.com | T: +49 89 130 1420 SWIR Applications Due to minimal atmospheric influence in this part of the electromagnetic spectrum, as well as an enhanced ability to differentiate among ground materials, the SWIR bands open the door for automated information extraction to save time, money and possibly lives. With SWIR we are able to capture unique information for materials identification, wildfire response, food security, mining/geology and other applications. Materials identification Wildfire response Food security Mining/Geology Mineral exploration Vegetation Urban planning Disaster management (oil spill) Snow and ice discrimination Soil moisture detection Materials Identification Many industries need to understand and identify different material types that may be present to meet their specific requirements. Each industry has differing needs and uses for the application of SWIR. An insurance company may need to know roof types, while local governments may be more concerned with land cover types for tax assessment. With the SWIR bands on WorldView-3, accurate information not previously available can be gathered from satellite data to provide detailed information on or about the materials present. Materials that may look similar to the naked eye can be distiguished with SWIR. SWIR data used to detect man-made materials such as metals, plastics, paints, fiberglass, asphalt, oil and various chemicals. Wildfire Response Whether called a forest fire , bush fire, or wildfire, uncontrolled fires have a devastating impact on communities and natural resources. Wildfires can cover extensive areas, move at incredible speeds, and change direction without notice. Fast and effective detection is key to protecting infrastructure and ensuring communities’ safety. A critical factor in being able to respond to wildfires, is to have information about the location and severity in a timely manner. With the agility and spectral depth of WorldView-3, getting this information has never been easier. The unique SWIR bands not only penetrate smoke, allowing for a clear view of the ground, but they also pinpoint sites of active burning so that response efforts can be directed most efficiently. SWIR data can be used for thermal detection and to penetrate smoke and haze. www.euspaceimaging.com | Arnulfstrasse 199, 80634 Munich, Germany | T: +49 89 130 1420 Food Security As the world focuses on increasing global food security, it is critical to improve small farm productivity and yield, while decreasing costs, minimizing the environmental impact with precision agriculture practices, and better manage agricultural production and associated inventory. It is important to take corrective action early in the growing season by understanding crop conditions. Factors such as crop health and stress caused by problems due to nutrient deficiency, moisture stress, and pests can be assessed and managed quickly to avoid future issues. Furthermore, with SWIR data you can go one step further and take preventive action as opposed to corrective action to ensure future crop success by assessing the soil mineral content and ensuring its compatibility with the intended crop to be planted. WorldView-3 data is uniquely designed to observe and map these phenomena. Crop stresses change the green chlorophyll content of the leaves and replace them with carotenoids that have yellow and red colors visible wavelengths. In addition, SWIR bands are used to assess crop moisture, as another health indicator. Observing soil types and conditions before, during and after a crop season is important for managing crop health. WorldView-3 offers a window into underlying soil conditions and how such conditions might affect vegetation. One of the agricultural community’s best management practices relates to how much post-harvest crop residue is SWIR data highlighting soil moisture level. Darker shades of blue equates to higher moisture levels as opposed to shades of yello w which indicates dryer soil. left on a field. Crop residue preserves soil moisture and prevents soil erosion during rainy months. SWIR spectral bands can be used to map and quantify how much crop residue is left behind, predicting the soil quality for future crops. Mining & Geology WorldView-3’s spectral bands allow for unique mineral identification and chemical measurements. Energy from light is either transferred to molecules of matter or reflected away from them. Based on the mineral content, different materials absorb specific wavelengths of light and reflect others. Electromagnetic absorptions in the SWIR wavelengths can be used for detecting materials containing anion groups such as Al-OH, Mg-OH, Fe-OH, Si-OH, carbonates, ammonium, and sulphates – many of which are indicator minerals in the mining industry. Exposed outcrops are manifestations of potential mineral ores or sub-surface deposits. While the geology and mining industries spend millions of dollars to identify potential mining sites during their exploration phase, WorldView-3 SWIR data can cut costs and increase efficiency by narrowing the potential area before field verification is planned. With the ability to detect clays, alteration, iron oxides, carbonates, and various other minerals, SWIR imagery of new surface sediment reveals indication of originating rock type. www.euspaceimaging.com | Arnulfstrasse 199, 80634 Munich, Germany | T: +49 89 130 1420 Specifications Features High resolution and image accuracy 7.5m CE90 excluding terrain effects Spectral Characteristics Swath width of 10.8 km at nadir Optional AComp SWIR 1 1195 – 1225 nm SWIR 2 1550 – 1590 nm SWIR 3 1640 – 1680 nm 14-bit digitalization (up to 16,384 levels of gray scale) SWIR 4 1710 – 1750 nm Discrete non-overlapping bands SWIR 5 2145 – 2185 nm SWIR 6 2185 – 2225 nm Imaging geometry supplied SWIR 7 2235 – 2285 nm Compatible with leading commercial software providers SWIR 8 2295 – 2365 nm Resampling Options High radiometric response Open systems Imaging geometry, geometric correction, radiometric calibration and other metadata supplied with satellite imagery Benefits – 2 x 2 bilinear – Nearest neighbor (recommended) Ability to identify features and perform analyses that are not possible with visible and near-inf rared alone -Cubic convolution Bands optimized for the detection of features of greatest interest Ideal for penetrating smoke, mapping minerals and identifying man-made features Order Parameters PRODUCT LEVEL 1B, 2A , OR2A , 3D IMAGE BITS/PIXEL 8 or 16 bits FILE FORMAT GeoTIFF, JPG2000 (upon request) Key Advantages Can penetrate thin clouds and haze Covert illumination Atmospheric aerosols and vapor have minimal effect on SWIR bands Detect heat f rom high-heat thermal emissions About European Space Imaging Based in Munich, Germany and established in 2002, European Space Imaging is the leading premium supplier of global very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery and derived services to customers in Europe and North Africa. With over 16 years’ experience, European Space Imaging has developed a reputation for expert and personalised customer service and an unbeatable track record for supplying tailored very high resolution imagery solutions to meet the diverse projects and requirements of their customers. Furthermore, European Space Imaging is the only European satellite data provider to supply imagery at true 30 cm resolution and who own and operate its own multi-mission ground station for direct satellite tasking and local data downlink. www.euspaceimaging.com | Arnulfstrasse 199, 80634 Munich, Germany | T: +49 89 130 1420

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Architecture of ResNet34-UNet model

UNet architecture for semantic segmentation with ResNet34 as encoder or feature extraction part. ResNet34 is used as an encoder or feature extractor in the contracting path and the corresponding symmetric expanding path predicts the dense segmentation output.

Architecture of VGG16-UNet model

UNet architecture for semantic segmentation with VGG16 as the encoder or feature extractor. VGG16 is used as an encoder or feature extractor in the contracting path and the corresponding symmetric expanding path predicts the dense segmentation output.

Architecture of ResNet34-FCN model

In this model, ResNet34 is used for feature extraction and the FCN operation remains as is. The feature of ResNet architecture is exploited where just like VGG, as the number of filters double, the feature map size gets halved. This gives a similarity to VGG and ResNet architecture while supporting deeper architecture and addressing the issue of vanishing gradients while also being faster. The fully connected layer at the output of ResNet34 is not used and instead converted to fully convolutional layer by means of 1×1 convolution.

Architecture of VGG16-FCN model

In this model, VGG16 is used for feature extraction which also performs the function of an encoder. The fully connected layer of the VGG16 is not used and instead converted to fully convolutional layer by means of 1×1 convolution.

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